一、系统环境 [root@localhost home]# cat /etc/RedHat-release CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
二、mysql安装 安装mysql和mysql-devel都成功，但是安装mysql-server失败，如下： [root@localhost home]# yum install mysql-server 已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 (1/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 155 kB 00:00:01 (2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 139 kB 00:00:01 (3/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 5.6 MB 00:00:38 (4/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:00:39 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile base: mirrors.163.com extras: mirrors.163.com updates: mirrors.163.com 没有可用软件包 mysql-server。 错误：无须任何处理 出现这样问题是CentOS 7 版本将MySQL数据库软件从默认的程序列表中移除，用mariadb代替了
有两种解决办法：
1、方法一：安装mariadb
MariaDB数据库管理系统是MySQL的一个分支，采用GPL授权许可 MariaDB的目的是完全兼容MySQL，包括API和命令行，使之能轻松成为MySQL的代替品。MariaDB由MySQL的创始人Michael Widenius（英语：Michael Widenius）主导开发，他早前将自己创建的公司MySQL AB卖给了SUN，此后，随着SUN被甲骨文收购，MySQL的所有权也落入Oracle的手中。MariaDB名称来自Michael Widenius的女儿Maria的名字。
安装mariadb，输入安装命令
[root@localhost home]# yum install mariadb-server mariadb
mariadb数据库的相关命令是：
systemctl start mariadb #启动MariaDB
systemctl stop mariadb #停止MariaDB
systemctl restart mariadb #重启MariaDB
systemctl enable mariadb #设置开机启动
先启动数据库
[root@yl-web yl]# systemctl start mariadb
默认无密码
[root@localhost lzh]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 6 Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
2、方法二：官网下载安装mysql-server
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm --nodeps --force
yum install mysql-community-server
安装成功后重启mysql服 务
service mysqld restart
初次安装mysql，root账户没有密码
[root@localhost lzh]# mysql -u root Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.01 sec) 设置密码
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' =password('password'); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 安装完以后mariadb自动就被替换了，将不再生效。
[root@localhost lzh]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb
三、开启远程访问
https://www.cnblogs.com/wilwei/p/10244774.html 登陆 mysql
$ mysql -uroot -p mysql> use mysql; mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root'; mysql> select host, user from user; +-----------+------------------+ | host | user | +-----------+------------------+ | % | root | | localhost | debian-sys-maint | | localhost | mysql.session | | localhost | mysql.sys | +-----------+------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
$ service mysql restart #发现客户端远程还是连接不上 继续修改mysql.cnf配置文件 #需要root权限，配置文件是只读的 $ sudo vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf #往下翻，注释掉这一行,保存退出
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#重启服务 $ service mysql restart; #ok 可以了
或者
#允许所有用户远程访问 修改用户名和密码为你自己的 mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO 'USERNAME'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'PASSWORD' WITH GRANT OPTION; #允许单个ip 修改用户名和密码为你自己的 mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO 'USERNAME'@'1.2.3.4' IDENTIFIED BY 'PASSWORD' WITH GRANT OPTION; #最后 mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
参考 ● http://tech.holinsoft.com/LINUX/9.html ● https://www.cnblogs.com/luoa/p/10843980.html 修改密码